Download MendeleyConvergent evolution of berberine biosynthesis.
Xu, Z., Tian, Y., Wang, J., Ma, Y., Li, Q., Zhou, Y., Zhang, W., Liu, T., Kong, L., Wang, Y., Xie, Z., An, Z., Zheng, B., Zhang, Y., Cao, C., Liu, C., Tian, L., Fan, C., Liu, J., Yao, H., Song, J., Duan, B., Liu, H., Gao, R., Sun, W., Chen, S.(2024) Sci Adv 10: eads3596-eads3596
- PubMed: 39612339
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.ads3596
- Primary Citation of Related Structures:
8ZN0 - PubMed Abstract:
Berberine is an effective antimicrobial and antidiabetic alkaloid, primarily extracted from divergent botanical lineages, specifically Coptis (Ranunculales, early-diverging eudicot) and Phellodendron (Sapindales, core eudicot). In comparison with its known pathway in Coptis species, its biosynthesis in Phellodendron species remains elusive. Using chromosome-level genome assembly, coexpression matrix, and biochemical assays, we identified six key steps in berberine biosynthesis from Phellodendron amurense , including methylation, hydroxylation, and berberine bridge formation. Notably, we discovered a specific class of O -methyltransferases (NOMT) responsible for N -methylation. Structural analysis and mutagenesis of PaNOMT9 revealed its unique substrate-binding conformation. In addition, unlike the classical FAD-dependent berberine bridge formation in Ranunculales, Phellodendron uses a NAD(P)H-dependent monooxygenase (PaCYP71BG29) for berberine bridge formation, originating from the neofunctionalization of tryptamine 5-hydroxylase. Together, these findings reveal the convergence of berberine biosynthesis between Coptis and Phellodendron and signify the role of the convergent evolution in plant specialized metabolisms.
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China.
Organizational Affiliation:
